Corticosteroids are generally not recommended for viral lesions because they suppress the immune system, which can worsen viral infections. Here are the main reasons why corticosteroids are avoided in viral lesions:
- Immunosuppression: Corticosteroids reduce the body’s immune response by suppressing inflammation and inhibiting immune cells. In the context of a viral infection, this immunosuppression can allow the virus to replicate more easily and spread, potentially worsening the infection.
- Delayed Healing: Viral lesions, such as those caused by herpes simplex virus (e.g., cold sores or genital herpes), require an active immune response to clear the virus. Corticosteroids can slow down the healing process by reducing the body’s natural defense mechanisms.
- Risk of Superinfection: Suppressing the immune system with corticosteroids can increase the risk of a secondary bacterial infection on top of the viral infection, leading to more complications and a potentially more severe illness.
- Reactivation of Latent Viruses: Corticosteroids can reactivate dormant viruses in the body, such as the herpes virus. This can lead to flare-ups of conditions like cold sores, shingles, or genital herpes.
Due to these risks, corticosteroids are typically avoided for viral lesions unless there is a compelling reason, such as a severe inflammatory reaction that requires careful management alongside antiviral therapy.